Although there are divergent views on the concepts of sensor network, Internet of Things, and ubiquitous network, people generally believe that the Internet of Things refers to the realization of on-demand information acquisition between objects and objects, objects and people, and between people through various sensors , Transmission, storage, cognition, analysis and use.
The key links of the Internet of Things can be summarized as comprehensive perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing. Comprehensive perception refers to the use of radio frequency identification (RFID), GPS, cameras, sensors, sensor networks and other technical means of sensing, capturing, and measuring to collect and acquire information on objects anytime, anywhere. Reliable transmission refers to reliable information exchange and sharing anytime and anywhere through various communication networks and the Internet. Intelligent processing refers to the analysis and processing of massive cross-department, cross-industry, and cross-regional data and information, enhances the insight into the physical world, various economic and social activities, and realizes intelligent decision-making and control. Compared with the global interconnection characteristics of the Internet, the Internet of Things has the characteristics of locality and industry.
Industry is an important field of Internet of Things applications. Various types of terminals with environmental awareness, computing models based on ubiquitous technology, and mobile communications are continuously integrated into all aspects of industrial production, which can greatly improve manufacturing efficiency, improve product quality, reduce product costs and resource consumption, and enhance traditional industries. To a new stage in the smart industry.
1. The application of the Internet of Things in the industrial field
From the perspective of current technology development and application prospects, the application of the Internet of Things in the industrial field is mainly concentrated in the following aspects.
The manufacturing supply chain management Internet of Things is used in the fields of enterprise raw material procurement, inventory, sales, etc. By improving and optimizing the supply chain management system, the efficiency of the supply chain is improved and the cost is reduced. Airbus (Airbus) uses sensor network technology in the supply chain system to build the largest and most efficient supply chain system in the global manufacturing industry.
Production process optimization The application of Internet of Things technology improves the ability and level of production line process detection, real-time parameter collection, production equipment monitoring, and material consumption monitoring. The level of intelligent monitoring, intelligent control, intelligent diagnosis, intelligent decision-making, and intelligent maintenance of the production process has been continuously improved. Iron and steel enterprises use various sensors and communication networks to realize real-time monitoring of the width, thickness and temperature of processed products during the production process, thereby improving product quality and optimizing the production process.
Product equipment monitoring and management The integration of various sensing technologies and manufacturing technologies has realized remote monitoring of product equipment operation records and equipment fault diagnosis. GEOil & Gas Group has established 13 i-Centers for different products in the world, through sensors and networks for online monitoring and real-time monitoring of equipment, and provides solutions for equipment maintenance and fault diagnosis.
Environmental monitoring and energy management The integration of the Internet of Things and environmental protection equipment enables real-time monitoring of various pollution sources and key indicators of various aspects of pollution control in the industrial production process. Installing wireless sensor equipment at the sewage outlets of key sewage companies can not only monitor the enterprise's sewage data in real time, but also close the sewage outlets remotely to prevent sudden environmental pollution accidents. Telecom operators have begun to promote real-time monitoring solutions for pollution control based on the Internet of Things.
Industrial safety production management embeds and equips sensors into mining equipment, oil and gas pipelines, and miner equipment. It can sense the safety status information of workers, equipment, machines, and surrounding environments in hazardous environments. The network supervision platform has been upgraded to a systematic, open and diversified comprehensive network supervision platform, realizing real-time perception, accurate identification, quick response and effective control.
2. Fields reflected by the combination of Internet of Things and advanced manufacturing technology
Combining with future advanced manufacturing technology is where the vitality of IoT applications lies.
The Internet of Things is a new round of commanding heights in the development of information and communication technology. It is widely penetrated and applied in the industrial field, and combined with future advanced manufacturing technology to form a new intelligent manufacturing system. This manufacturing system is still developing and improving. To sum up, the combination of Internet of Things and advanced manufacturing technology is mainly reflected in 8 areas.
Ubiquitous Aware Network Technology establishes a ubiquitous network technology system serving intelligent manufacturing, providing ubiquitous network services for design, equipment, process, management and business in manufacturing. At present, the development of ubiquitous network technology for future intelligent manufacturing is still in the initial stage.
Ubiquitous manufacturing information processing technology establishes a new manufacturing model based on ubiquitous information processing to enhance the overall strength and level of the manufacturing industry. At present, ubiquitous information manufacturing and ubiquitous information processing are still in the conceptual and experimental stage. Governments of all countries have included this in their national development plans and vigorously promoted their implementation.
Virtual reality technology uses natural three-dimensional display and human-machine interaction to carry out industrial production, further improving the efficiency of manufacturing. At present, the virtual environment has been widely applied and researched in many major engineering fields. In the future, the development direction of virtual reality technology is three-dimensional digital product design, digital product production process simulation, true three-dimensional display and assembly maintenance.
The development of human-computer interaction technology, sensor technology, sensor network, industrial wireless network and new materials have improved the efficiency and level of human-computer interaction. At present, the manufacturing industry is in an era of limited information, and people must obey and serve the machine. With the continuous development of human-computer interaction technology, we will gradually enter the era of information-based manufacturing human-computer interaction based on ubiquitous perception.
Space collaboration technology The development goal of space collaboration technology is based on ubiquitous network, human-computer interaction, ubiquitous information processing and manufacturing system integration, breaking through the integration of existing manufacturing systems in information acquisition, monitoring, control, human-computer interaction and management The limitations of poor degree and weak coordination ability improve the agility, adaptability and efficiency of the manufacturing system.
Parallel management technology The future manufacturing system will be composed of an actual manufacturing system and corresponding one or more virtual manual manufacturing systems. Parallel management technology is to realize the organic integration of manufacturing systems and virtual systems, continuously improve the ability of enterprises to recognize and prevent abnormal conditions, and improve the level of intelligent decision-making and emergency management of enterprises.
At present, the integration characteristics of manufacturing and business processes in e-commerce technology are becoming more and more obvious, and the overall trend is showing two trends of vertical integration and horizontal integration. In the future, it is necessary to establish and improve the e-commerce technology framework in advanced manufacturing, develop e-commerce to improve the decision-making and adaptability of manufacturing enterprises in dynamic markets, and build a harmonious and sustainable advanced manufacturing industry.
System integrated manufacturing technology System integrated manufacturing is an industrial manufacturing system in which man-machine coexistence and collaboration are composed of intelligent robots and experts. It integrates automation, integration, networking and intelligence into one, so that manufacturing has the ability to modify or reconstruct its own structure and parameters, and has the ability to self-organize and coordinate. It can meet the ever-changing market needs and respond to fierce market competition.
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