Motion detectors are widely deployed in homes, commercial buildings, and other facilities, and notify people when they sense that a person is present in a given area. The detector transmits these notifications to other devices, such as control panels, alarms, or cloud applications, via sound, light, or wired and wireless transmission.
Wireless motion detector based systems are easier to install and expand because they eliminate the hassle of wiring through the wall. Some typical sensing methods include passive infrared (PIR), ultrasonic transmitters, and microwave emitters. The wireless motion detector system is installed indoors or outdoors and is mainly used as an intrusion detection system. Due to its excellent radio frequency (RF) performance, low power consumption, and low cost, Sub-1 GHz wireless technology is usually used.
Design with SimpleLink Sub-1 GHz Wireless MCU
As part of the SimpleLinkTM microcontroller (MCU) platform, TI's System-on-Chip (SoC) Sub-1 GHz solution (CC13x0 Wireless MCU) delivers low power and peripheral-rich MCUs on a single chip with integration RF solution. In the sensor system (shown in Figure 1 below), the low-power wireless MCU operates as the main MCU of the system and can be directly connected to the sensor or amplifier, filter or comparator. The CC1350 and CC1310 wireless MCUs also feature an integrated circuit (I2C) for controlling peripherals, a universal synchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) or serial peripheral interface (SPI), and a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter for analog Signal sampling.
By choosing a system-on-chip wireless MCU instead of a chipset solution (separate MCUs and RF transceivers), you get better integration, size and cost. The main MCU is based on the ARM® Cortex®-M3 architecture and includes ample flash and RAM for your application and protocol.
Figure 1 : Wireless motion detector block diagram
Low power consumption
Very low shutdown or standby current mode (0.185μA and 0.7μA, respectively), 51μA/MHz million instructions per second (MIPS) consumption, and receiver (5.4mA) and transmitter (13.4mA at 10dBm) The basis for low power design. In addition, a new low-power execution unit called the sensor-controller module monitors the sensor while the rest of the system (the main MCU) remains dormant. This allows the system to consume ADC readings as low as 0.95μA per second.
In a typical motion detector system, the sensor controller continuously monitors the sensor. As can be seen from the figure below, once triggered, the controller wakes up the primary MCU and the primary MCU sends a notification to the central unit.
Figure 2 : Typical use case configuration file
software
The SimpleLink Sub-1 GHz CC13x0 Software Development Kit (SDK) offers two easy options for RF communications. The first option, called Easylink, is a proprietary RF interface that uses one of the supported modulations and a standards-based 802.15.4g stack for star topology. With Easylink, you can use your own protocols and add motion detectors to your existing wireless system. If you don't have a proprietary protocol, the TI 15.4 stack might be better for you. Its standard access mechanisms include acknowledgments, security features, and frequency hopping options—tools that help protect you from RF interference, cyber attacks, and noisy environments. TI also offers an end-to-end sensor-to-cloud solution that enables two-way communication between sensor nodes and monitoring and control by cloud providers.
Dual mode system
The CC1350 wireless MCU supports Sub-1 GHz and Bluetooth® low power connections. Adding Bluetooth low-power connectivity offers new options for new and advanced applications. Bluetooth low-power technology adds a local user interface (at the lowest cost) to the motion detector system, so end users can communicate directly with each smart device to set up configuration and extract information throughout the system. Figure 3 shows a power room with multiple motion detectors. These sensors are forming a Sub-1 GHz network to interconnect and alert. But because these devices also have a Bluetooth low energy connection, they can be accessed using a smartphone or tablet.
Figure 3 : Wireless motion detector system with Bluetooth low power consumption
System management uses Bluetooth low power
To set up this system, the phone or tablet connects to the motion detector via Bluetooth low energy and transmits the network properties and security credentials of the Sub-1 GHz network. After completing the network configuration, the motion detector switches to Sub-1 GHz mode and connects to the Sub-1 GHz network. You can use the phone or tablet interface to configure other options for the motion sensor, such as detection mode, sensitivity, day-specific mode, and more. You can also easily test your system by checking the network status on your phone without waiting for an alarm.
By connecting to mobile applications via Bluetooth low energy, it's also easy to push software updates to any part of the system, keeping them up-to-date and trouble-free. Simply post the update and push it to your mobile app users, who will be notified to upgrade the system.
Finally, Bluetooth low energy supports advertising features. Through advertising, the motion detector can send notifications to nearby phones in a disconnected mode, automatically pushing notifications such as battery status or network problems to the end user.
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