At present, according to different application scenarios and user requirements, the blockchain can be roughly divided into three categories: public blockchains, private blockchains, and consorium blockchains. Among them, the public chain is open to everyone, anyone can participate; the private chain is open to individual individuals or entities; and the alliance chain is open to specific organizations.
Bitcoin and Ethereum are the most popular public chains in the world. They are blockchains that can be read and participated by anyone in any corner of the world. That is to say, the behavior on the public chain is open. But it is not controlled by anyone, nor is it owned by anyone. It is considered to be a "completely decentralized" blockchain.
The private chain, on the other hand, is a completely private blockchain whose write access is controlled by an organization or organization, and the qualifications of participating nodes are strictly limited. Compared with the public chain, the biggest advantage of the private chain is the encryption audit and public identity information. No one can tamper with the data. Even if an error occurs, the source of the error can be traced. Therefore, it is common in internal systems or networks developed based on blockchain technology within the organization.
The alliance chain can be said to be a blockchain between the public chain and the private chain, that is, "partial decentralization", with R3, Hyperledger and Golden Chain Alliance as typical representatives. Each node in the alliance chain usually has an entity or organization corresponding to it. After authorization, it can join/exit the network to reduce costs and improve efficiency. It is applicable to B2B scenarios such as transactions and settlements between different entities.
In comparison, the entry barrier of the public chain is the lowest, and the private chain and the alliance chain are limited in terms of openness and decentralization. Participants need to be screened in advance. In essence, the alliance chain is actually a private chain, but the degree of ownership is different.
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