1î€ Introduction
The construction of the new campus should adapt to the development of the network era, and the concept of intelligence should be introduced. In the traditional building automation system, it generally only includes subsystems such as integrated wiring, computer network, security, fire protection, and closed circuit monitoring. However, in recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, people have put forward higher requirements for the energy-saving and scientific scientific management of lighting fixtures, making the position of lighting control in the field of intelligence more and more important. In the construction boom of the new campus, major universities and their builders should also be aware of the importance of smart lighting. Compared with commercial buildings, the proportion of high-powered power and refrigeration equipment on campus is relatively small, and the proportion of lighting fixtures is relatively large. The use of lighting control system can better reflect its advantages in energy conservation and management, and improve the scientific management level of the school. The author uses the school as a reference to explain his school lighting control system design.
2î€The superiority of intelligent lighting control system
2.1 Achieve good energy saving effect and extend the life of the lamp.
　　 Energy saving is the biggest advantage of lighting control systems. The traditional lighting mode of public buildings can only be turned off during the day and turned on at night. After adopting the intelligent lighting control system, we can subdivide the time period and working mode according to different occasions and different people's traffic, turn off unnecessary lighting, and automatically turn on when needed. At the same time, the system can also make full use of natural light to automatically adjust the indoor illumination. The control system realizes multiple lighting working modes in different working places, which effectively reduces the working time of the lamps while ensuring the necessary lighting, saves unnecessary energy expenditure, and prolongs the life of the lamps.
2.2 Improve the working environment and improve work efficiency.
　　 A good working environment is a necessary condition for improving work efficiency. Reasonable selection of light sources, lamps and lighting control systems with superior performance can improve the quality of lighting. The intelligent lighting control system has two control methods of switching and dimming, which can effectively control the average illuminance value of various lighting places, thereby improving illuminance uniformity. At the same time, the system can automatically adjust the illumination according to different time periods and people's different needs.
2.3 to achieve a variety of lighting effects.
　　 A variety of lighting control methods can make the same building have a variety of artistic effects, adding a lot to the building. In modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet the visual and dark effects of people. It should also have a variety of control schemes to make buildings more vivid and artistic, giving people a rich visual effect and aesthetics. In a building, outdoor landscape lighting and floodlighting can be preset to change seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter, weekend holiday scenes, large-scale celebration scenes; meeting rooms, conference rooms, etc. can preset different scenes such as conference, projection, break between meetings, etc. . In the traditional manual control mode, it is difficult to achieve such a wide variety of lighting effects.
2.4 Improve management level.
　　 The intelligent lighting control system is based on automatic control and supplemented by manual control. Under normal circumstances, the lighting system automatically implements switching and dimming functions without the need for human involvement. It not only greatly reduces the number of managers, but also eliminates the irregular switches that occur due to human factors, which affects the normal teaching and living order of the school.
2.5 better investment income effect.
　　 The intelligent lighting control system saves electricity and management expenses while saving energy and saving the use of lamps.
According to the experience of general office building operations, the energy-saving effect can reach more than 40%, and the energy-saving effects of general shopping malls, hotels, and subway stations can reach 25% to 30%; the school has not obtained specific statistics in this regard. However, according to the analysis, the effect is still satisfactory.
3î€ The basic components of the campus lighting control system
3.1 Master Control Center.
The system uses the general-purpose computer as the main control center to communicate with the network through the RLINK communication device. Programming, monitoring, fault alarm and other functions can be directly implemented on the computer. Computers on the LAN can also be monitored through the main control center.
3.2RLINK communication device.
The main control center and the communication hub of each unit of the system network realize RS485/RS232 signal conversion, and have system self-diagnosis function and automatic fault alarm function.
3.3 Lighting controller.
The core part of the intelligent lighting control system consists of the control module circuit, the drive module circuit, and the lighting-specific self-locking relay. Each lighting controller can work independently or be controlled by a computer center. The main control center stops working or communication interruption does not affect the normal operation of the controller. The controller is available in a variety of sizes and a single controller can control up to 48 loops. A maximum of 500 controllers can be connected in one system.
3.4 programmable switch.
The intelligent weak current switch has various specifications such as 1-8 keys. The switch itself uses 24V safe voltage, there is no danger of electric leakage, and there is no ignition or arcing during the switch operation to ensure safety. The loop controlled by each button on the programmable switch is programmed by computer, and the single button can control multiple loops. The combination can be changed at will according to the situation, which is flexible and convenient to use.
3.5 dynamic sensors.
Using the principle of infrared or ultrasonic, it automatically recognizes whether someone exists in the room and sends a signal to the controller to realize the dynamic control function of "people come to light, people go out."
3.6 Illuminance sensor.
The core component is a photocoupler that adjusts the brightness of the indoor illumination by sensing the illumination of the external natural light source, enabling intelligent detection and intelligent adjustment.
3.7 telephone communication device.
Additional equipment required for telephone control. The user directly dials the phone and controls the lighting switch according to the prompt sound operation.
4î€Characteristics of campus lighting control
Lighting control has many engineering practices at home and abroad in the field of building automation and landscape lighting. The design of the school also refers to the design principles and design ideas of the original building automation. The goal of the design is to highlight the characteristics of intelligent lighting management, scientific management, energy saving and operating expenses. Reasonably subdivide the control loop, reasonably set the loop control method and the system operation plan.
5î€Special design of various buildings
5.1 teaching building.
In the classroom of the school, the design standard of the illumination of the lamp is 300lx indoor illumination, 5001x illumination of the podium, and such high illumination requirements. If there is no reasonable control scheme, the energy will cause huge waste. Therefore, the intelligent lighting control system is not only used to control the lighting of public corridors, but also the application of ordinary classrooms, lecture halls and projection rooms. For the school, the use of dimming control is obviously too expensive and difficult to accept, and most of the lamps in the teaching building have chosen fluorescent lamps. The dimming control requires a dedicated dimming ballast, which is rather cumbersome. Therefore, switch control is the main control method.
Take the 350-seat ladder classroom as an example. Each classroom is equipped with a lighting controller. The lamps in the classroom are divided into areas and lights. The lighting in some areas can be opened according to the number of students in the classroom, and the illumination of 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 of the whole classroom can be realized. Ambient sensors are installed at the classroom window to control window lights and electric curtains, making full use of outdoor natural light. Programmable switches are installed on the front and rear doorways and on the podium, and any switch can control all the fixtures in the room. At the same time, the controller also controls the electric shock of other electrical appliances in the classroom and is linked with the lights. For example, projection linkage mode: set a scene mode in advance, the teacher only needs to press the button, the projector automatically opens, the projection screen is automatically put down, the electric curtains are closed, the lighting of the platform is closed, and most of the lights above the seat seats are closed, and some are reserved. Necessary lighting to facilitate student notes. Through this series of control methods, the best energy-saving effect is achieved, and the quality of teaching management is also improved.
The plenum uses two types of luminaires, the normal lighting uses fluorescent lamps, and the downlights are used for projection and presentation to facilitate access. Downlight illumination does not calculate the illumination of normal illumination. The fluorescent lamp and the downlight adopt the logic linkage control mode, the normal lighting is used for the conference speech, and the downlight is turned off. When the projection presentation is turned on, the system automatically turns off all fluorescent lights and turns on the downlights. The lighting control box and control switch are installed in the control room of the lecture hall, and the indicator light on the control switch indicates the status of the circuit in real time. The entire library is connected to an RS485 control network by approximately 20 controllers, controlled by a single host. The host contacts other networks through the campus LAN.
The role of linkage is to ensure emergency lighting is activated during fire alarms and to facilitate evacuation of personnel.
5.2 Administrative Center.
The administrative center meeting room adopts the intelligent scene switch as the control scheme. The scene switch already contains control circuitry that can operate independently without the need for a lighting controller. One switch controls two switching loops and one dimming loop with a maximum power of 2000W per loop. Multiple scene switches can be used in a conference room, and communication can be made between switches. The scene mode is set directly on the switch panel without computer programming. By using the scene switch, it is convenient to implement various scenes and provide the illumination required for various occasions (such as meeting, projection, intermission, etc.). This control method of integrating the control chip into the switch is suitable for some small indoor environments (such as conference rooms and homes). It should be pointed out that this switch has six lines connected to the switch on the wiring. It can be considered that the switch itself is a low-power electric appliance, and the mains and the lamps have N-line and switch connection.
5.3 School Campus.
In addition to the various buildings, the outdoor landscape lighting of the school is also an important part of the entire campus lighting control system. The purpose of landscape lighting is not only the night road lighting, but also the need to beautify the school environment and add color to various festivals and celebrations. With the function of log programming and special day setting, you can set the lighting effect of different seasons, different months and festivals within one year. In addition, due to the different sunshine hours throughout the year, the system will have automatic recognition. Its identification function is realized by two means of sensor and software. The illuminance sensor automatically senses outdoor light and provides a switching signal to the controller. However, in order to avoid the influence of some external factors, such as rainy weather, or the sensor's probe is covered by dust, the light intensity cannot be correctly identified. The system software can automatically adjust the switching time according to the local sunrise and sunset data. The combination of the two forms achieves the best energy savings.
6î€ Conclusion
The lighting control systems for buildings and scenes mentioned above are separate systems. If you connect your system hosts through the campus LAN, you can form the entire campus and even the switch. As long as you are a legitimate administrator, you can monitor the entire system on one of the hosts. The intelligent lighting control system is widely used in school lighting, which greatly improves the management level of school lighting power, saves the school a large amount of electricity expenses, and also provides a more comfortable, bright and efficient learning and working environment for the school teachers and students. .
references
[1]Zhu Minghai.Design of University Campus Intelligent System
[2]MRTLC-Total IjgIldng Controls Lighting Control System
[3] Tang Hai editor. Building electrical design and construction. China Building Industry Press
The construction of the new campus should adapt to the development of the network era, and the concept of intelligence should be introduced. In the traditional building automation system, it generally only includes subsystems such as integrated wiring, computer network, security, fire protection, and closed circuit monitoring. However, in recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, people have put forward higher requirements for the energy-saving and scientific scientific management of lighting fixtures, making the position of lighting control in the field of intelligence more and more important. In the construction boom of the new campus, major universities and their builders should also be aware of the importance of smart lighting. Compared with commercial buildings, the proportion of high-powered power and refrigeration equipment on campus is relatively small, and the proportion of lighting fixtures is relatively large. The use of lighting control system can better reflect its advantages in energy conservation and management, and improve the scientific management level of the school. The author uses the school as a reference to explain his school lighting control system design.
2î€The superiority of intelligent lighting control system
2.1 Achieve good energy saving effect and extend the life of the lamp.
　　 Energy saving is the biggest advantage of lighting control systems. The traditional lighting mode of public buildings can only be turned off during the day and turned on at night. After adopting the intelligent lighting control system, we can subdivide the time period and working mode according to different occasions and different people's traffic, turn off unnecessary lighting, and automatically turn on when needed. At the same time, the system can also make full use of natural light to automatically adjust the indoor illumination. The control system realizes multiple lighting working modes in different working places, which effectively reduces the working time of the lamps while ensuring the necessary lighting, saves unnecessary energy expenditure, and prolongs the life of the lamps.
2.2 Improve the working environment and improve work efficiency.
　　 A good working environment is a necessary condition for improving work efficiency. Reasonable selection of light sources, lamps and lighting control systems with superior performance can improve the quality of lighting. The intelligent lighting control system has two control methods of switching and dimming, which can effectively control the average illuminance value of various lighting places, thereby improving illuminance uniformity. At the same time, the system can automatically adjust the illumination according to different time periods and people's different needs.
2.3 to achieve a variety of lighting effects.
　　 A variety of lighting control methods can make the same building have a variety of artistic effects, adding a lot to the building. In modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet the visual and dark effects of people. It should also have a variety of control schemes to make buildings more vivid and artistic, giving people a rich visual effect and aesthetics. In a building, outdoor landscape lighting and floodlighting can be preset to change seasons in spring, summer, autumn and winter, weekend holiday scenes, large-scale celebration scenes; meeting rooms, conference rooms, etc. can preset different scenes such as conference, projection, break between meetings, etc. . In the traditional manual control mode, it is difficult to achieve such a wide variety of lighting effects.
2.4 Improve management level.
　　 The intelligent lighting control system is based on automatic control and supplemented by manual control. Under normal circumstances, the lighting system automatically implements switching and dimming functions without the need for human involvement. It not only greatly reduces the number of managers, but also eliminates the irregular switches that occur due to human factors, which affects the normal teaching and living order of the school.
2.5 better investment income effect.
　　 The intelligent lighting control system saves electricity and management expenses while saving energy and saving the use of lamps.
According to the experience of general office building operations, the energy-saving effect can reach more than 40%, and the energy-saving effects of general shopping malls, hotels, and subway stations can reach 25% to 30%; the school has not obtained specific statistics in this regard. However, according to the analysis, the effect is still satisfactory.
3î€ The basic components of the campus lighting control system
3.1 Master Control Center.
The system uses the general-purpose computer as the main control center to communicate with the network through the RLINK communication device. Programming, monitoring, fault alarm and other functions can be directly implemented on the computer. Computers on the LAN can also be monitored through the main control center.
3.2RLINK communication device.
The main control center and the communication hub of each unit of the system network realize RS485/RS232 signal conversion, and have system self-diagnosis function and automatic fault alarm function.
3.3 Lighting controller.
The core part of the intelligent lighting control system consists of the control module circuit, the drive module circuit, and the lighting-specific self-locking relay. Each lighting controller can work independently or be controlled by a computer center. The main control center stops working or communication interruption does not affect the normal operation of the controller. The controller is available in a variety of sizes and a single controller can control up to 48 loops. A maximum of 500 controllers can be connected in one system.
3.4 programmable switch.
The intelligent weak current switch has various specifications such as 1-8 keys. The switch itself uses 24V safe voltage, there is no danger of electric leakage, and there is no ignition or arcing during the switch operation to ensure safety. The loop controlled by each button on the programmable switch is programmed by computer, and the single button can control multiple loops. The combination can be changed at will according to the situation, which is flexible and convenient to use.
3.5 dynamic sensors.
Using the principle of infrared or ultrasonic, it automatically recognizes whether someone exists in the room and sends a signal to the controller to realize the dynamic control function of "people come to light, people go out."
3.6 Illuminance sensor.
The core component is a photocoupler that adjusts the brightness of the indoor illumination by sensing the illumination of the external natural light source, enabling intelligent detection and intelligent adjustment.
3.7 telephone communication device.
Additional equipment required for telephone control. The user directly dials the phone and controls the lighting switch according to the prompt sound operation.
4î€Characteristics of campus lighting control
Lighting control has many engineering practices at home and abroad in the field of building automation and landscape lighting. The design of the school also refers to the design principles and design ideas of the original building automation. The goal of the design is to highlight the characteristics of intelligent lighting management, scientific management, energy saving and operating expenses. Reasonably subdivide the control loop, reasonably set the loop control method and the system operation plan.
5î€Special design of various buildings
5.1 teaching building.
In the classroom of the school, the design standard of the illumination of the lamp is 300lx indoor illumination, 5001x illumination of the podium, and such high illumination requirements. If there is no reasonable control scheme, the energy will cause huge waste. Therefore, the intelligent lighting control system is not only used to control the lighting of public corridors, but also the application of ordinary classrooms, lecture halls and projection rooms. For the school, the use of dimming control is obviously too expensive and difficult to accept, and most of the lamps in the teaching building have chosen fluorescent lamps. The dimming control requires a dedicated dimming ballast, which is rather cumbersome. Therefore, switch control is the main control method.
Take the 350-seat ladder classroom as an example. Each classroom is equipped with a lighting controller. The lamps in the classroom are divided into areas and lights. The lighting in some areas can be opened according to the number of students in the classroom, and the illumination of 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 of the whole classroom can be realized. Ambient sensors are installed at the classroom window to control window lights and electric curtains, making full use of outdoor natural light. Programmable switches are installed on the front and rear doorways and on the podium, and any switch can control all the fixtures in the room. At the same time, the controller also controls the electric shock of other electrical appliances in the classroom and is linked with the lights. For example, projection linkage mode: set a scene mode in advance, the teacher only needs to press the button, the projector automatically opens, the projection screen is automatically put down, the electric curtains are closed, the lighting of the platform is closed, and most of the lights above the seat seats are closed, and some are reserved. Necessary lighting to facilitate student notes. Through this series of control methods, the best energy-saving effect is achieved, and the quality of teaching management is also improved.
The plenum uses two types of luminaires, the normal lighting uses fluorescent lamps, and the downlights are used for projection and presentation to facilitate access. Downlight illumination does not calculate the illumination of normal illumination. The fluorescent lamp and the downlight adopt the logic linkage control mode, the normal lighting is used for the conference speech, and the downlight is turned off. When the projection presentation is turned on, the system automatically turns off all fluorescent lights and turns on the downlights. The lighting control box and control switch are installed in the control room of the lecture hall, and the indicator light on the control switch indicates the status of the circuit in real time. The entire library is connected to an RS485 control network by approximately 20 controllers, controlled by a single host. The host contacts other networks through the campus LAN.
The role of linkage is to ensure emergency lighting is activated during fire alarms and to facilitate evacuation of personnel.
5.2 Administrative Center.
The administrative center meeting room adopts the intelligent scene switch as the control scheme. The scene switch already contains control circuitry that can operate independently without the need for a lighting controller. One switch controls two switching loops and one dimming loop with a maximum power of 2000W per loop. Multiple scene switches can be used in a conference room, and communication can be made between switches. The scene mode is set directly on the switch panel without computer programming. By using the scene switch, it is convenient to implement various scenes and provide the illumination required for various occasions (such as meeting, projection, intermission, etc.). This control method of integrating the control chip into the switch is suitable for some small indoor environments (such as conference rooms and homes). It should be pointed out that this switch has six lines connected to the switch on the wiring. It can be considered that the switch itself is a low-power electric appliance, and the mains and the lamps have N-line and switch connection.
5.3 School Campus.
In addition to the various buildings, the outdoor landscape lighting of the school is also an important part of the entire campus lighting control system. The purpose of landscape lighting is not only the night road lighting, but also the need to beautify the school environment and add color to various festivals and celebrations. With the function of log programming and special day setting, you can set the lighting effect of different seasons, different months and festivals within one year. In addition, due to the different sunshine hours throughout the year, the system will have automatic recognition. Its identification function is realized by two means of sensor and software. The illuminance sensor automatically senses outdoor light and provides a switching signal to the controller. However, in order to avoid the influence of some external factors, such as rainy weather, or the sensor's probe is covered by dust, the light intensity cannot be correctly identified. The system software can automatically adjust the switching time according to the local sunrise and sunset data. The combination of the two forms achieves the best energy savings.
6î€ Conclusion
The lighting control systems for buildings and scenes mentioned above are separate systems. If you connect your system hosts through the campus LAN, you can form the entire campus and even the switch. As long as you are a legitimate administrator, you can monitor the entire system on one of the hosts. The intelligent lighting control system is widely used in school lighting, which greatly improves the management level of school lighting power, saves the school a large amount of electricity expenses, and also provides a more comfortable, bright and efficient learning and working environment for the school teachers and students. .
references
[1]Zhu Minghai.Design of University Campus Intelligent System
[2]MRTLC-Total IjgIldng Controls Lighting Control System
[3] Tang Hai editor. Building electrical design and construction. China Building Industry Press
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