In the previous period, rumors that the “energy-saving lamp radiation†was clearly excessive exceeded the standards on the Internet. Many media reporters followed the trend and reported on it. Although subsequent positive interviews and reports organized by the quality inspection system and publicity in the media have largely reversed this false report, they still feel like they are professionals in the lighting industry. The occurrence of the incident is still evidently inadequate in the development of popularization of science for the whole people. For this purpose, it wants to make a relatively comprehensive and popular report through various media so that the general public can understand the characteristics of energy-saving lamps.
1. General introduction of radiation
When it comes to radiation, we naturally think of the nuclear leakage and nuclear radiation caused by the earthquake and tsunami at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. In fact, a modern life has filled our surroundings with various radio waves. Radio waves can be classified into common bands: the working band of the electronic ballast for lighting, the long-wave band, medium-wave band, and short-wave band of radio broadcasting, the band of FM and television, the band of mobile communication, and then the infrared band. Visible light band; ultraviolet band and higher frequency x-rays and gamma rays, etc. (Note: The light itself is also a radio wave, but the wavelength is shorter). All of these radio waves generate electromagnetic radiation, but only in certain bands and with a certain amount of radiant energy can cause harm to people's health. We must remember that during the spread of SARS (SARS), a kindergarten changed two of the eight fluorescent tubes of the chandelier lamps in the classroom into bactericidal UV lamps to sterilize the classroom, but after the children entered the classroom Because the negligence of the cleaner did not turn off the UV lamp, the result was a widespread swelling of the child's eyes. It can be seen that the visible lights of the original 8 tubes are completely unaffected by the human eye, and the use of only two UV tubes causes redness and swelling of the eyes of the children, which indicates that the ultraviolet radiation is much more harmful than the visible light to human radiation. In the same way, in the radio wave band, the radiation damage of the human body is much less in the lighting appliance band, the radio and television and the mobile phone band, and the radiation of x-ray gamma rays with the same energy is much more harmful to people's health.
As a commonly used energy-saving lamp, its operating frequency is 30kHz ~ 50kHz, energy-saving lamp circuit, power and structure determines that it is almost impossible to produce electromagnetic radiation hazards that affect human health. This is also the reason why I have not seen the example of radiation exceeding the standard in the inspection of several thousand batches of energy-saving lamp products that have been in the country for more than 10 years in spot checks, city inspections and various product certifications. Some people may ask, since the energy-saving lamp radio radiation is so low, then the international IEC 62493 standard is also necessary to promulgate and implement it? It should be noted that the IEC 62493 standard is designed to limit the radiation hazards of all lighting products, if it is to use the "self-ballastless electrodeless fluorescent lamp" rarely seen in the market (the same as the energy-saving lamp, it also has a thread The lamp cap can be easily screwed on the lamp head.) Because of the working principle and frequency of the electrodeless lamp, there is a greater possibility of electromagnetic radiation exceeding the standard, so for the electrodeless fluorescent lamp, it is generally recommended only for tunnels, roads, etc. far from the human body. Lighting in public places cannot be used in offices and homes unless special measures are taken.
2. The electric field is everywhere in our lives
In fact, in the modern society in which we live, various kinds of electric fields that sound high in voltage are ubiquitous. For example, when we take off sweaters in dry weather, we often hear the sound of “squeaking†in the dark environment. This spark can also be seen in the discharge, which causes the voltage generated by the discharge spark, at least a few thousand volts to several thousand volts. In addition, because of the frictional electrification, we often have the feeling of sudden paralysis caused by electrostatic discharge when we touch the water pipe or different people touch each other in dry weather. When we are in the electrical laboratory, we humans do not touch any conductors in the body. When we touch the oscilloscope's voltage probe by hand, we will measure thousands of volts of induced voltage from the 50Hz grid. But these do not pose any harm to our health. It's like we know that the faster the speed of the stone, the more it can hurt people. However, if a stone with only 0.1 gram weight and a stone with 100 grams hit the person with the same speed of 10 meters/second, then 0.1 gram Heavy stones cannot injure people, but 100 grams of stone will definitely hurt people. In the same example, we all know that the higher the water temperature, the more people will be burned. However, if the half-dripping water and a thermos bottle are heated to 100°C, then the half-water drops will not burn people, but a warm water bottle is certainly Will burn people, this is because the latter's energy is much greater than the former.
3, the false analysis of previous false reports
In the previous period, some media reported that some people used the field strength meter according to GB8702-88 "Electromagnetic Radiation Protection Regulations" to measure from 0 to 10cm away from energy-saving lamps. The radiated electric field was as high as 200V/m and some as high as 1600V/m (see Evening News March 15 A1 stack 08 depth version).
The main errors that led to this result are:
(1) The GB8702-88 standard is established for long-wave, medium-wave, short-wave broadcasting and communications power-type launch sites. The standard stipulates that it should be applied when the frequency range is 0.1MHz to 3MHz and the radiation power is ≥300W. The total power is only a few tens of watts, and more than 98% of the energy is used in the heat and light, the working frequency in the range of 30kHz ~ 50kHz, GB8702-88 standard is not suitable for measuring energy-saving lamps electromagnetic radiation. In the area around the radio power transmitters referred to in the GB 8702-88 standard, if a wire is used to make a circle and the wire is connected to the two poles of a low-voltage tungsten light bulb, the light bulb will emit light or even burn out. Therefore, the standard shall specify this. The field strength around the power transmission field should be ≤ 40 V/m. And even if the so-called measured field strength is higher around the energy-saving lamps, this will not happen.
(2) When the energy-saving lamp is working, within its distance of 0-20cm, both the electric field and the magnetic field, as well as the electrostatic field, are mixed together, and the measurement instrument, the probe, and the weighted network may produce mismatch or saturation, so The measured data will greatly deviate from the correct values, so the correct measurement results must be obtained at the minimum measurement distance and (in the IEC 62493 standard, the measurement distance for the energy-saving lamps is specified as 30 cm), but those reported distances are only measured. 0 ~ 10cm, did not meet the basic far-field conditions of radio radiation measurement, and even violated the measurement standards of the people used by the GB8702-88 standard, in the GB 8702-88 standard, also requires the power transmission field far Field measurement.
(3) For non-power type radio radiation electric fields, the essence of damage to the human body is the induced current caused by the electromagnetic field on the human body, but not the electric field strength--volts/meter. In the past, the measurement instrument used in the false report on television was: the production area of ​​Germany NardaNBM-550 electromagnetic radiation analyzer, the instrument's characteristics are: "When using non-weighted probe display V / m, A / m, mW / cm 2, W/m 2; When the weighted probe is used, the percentage limit is displayed in %.†This shows that at the time the energy-saving lamp was not measured with a suitable weighted probe (ie, a probe with a weighted network), and more importantly, the instrument. The measurement frequency is described as: "The probe covers all frequencies from long wave to microwave radiation, --- from 100kHz-60GHz three-dimensional omnidirectional probe is optional." Thus, the instrument is equipped with the probe is mainly to measure long wave The radiation to the microwave, and the measurement frequency does not cover the working frequency of the energy-saving lamp at all.
(4) Say the radio radiation of the mobile phone, the operation band of G network of the mobile phone is generally in 900MHz- 1800MHz, the working frequency is obviously higher than commonly used broadcasting and television band, in the previous false report, the inspectors did not find out the measuring instrument and Whether the sampling probe and the weighted network are suitable for measuring the radio radiation of the mobile phone, the radio radiation of the mobile phone is measured, and the erroneous conclusion that “the energy-saving lamp radiation is much higher than the mobile phone radiation†is obtained.
We know that the radio radiant energy of the mobile phone must be reliably received by the relay station of the mobile phone communication in order to complete the communication function, which makes it impossible for the radio radiant energy of the mobile phone to be small. In addition, the radio radiant energy of most mobile phones is a variable, that is, in many In a reinforced concrete building or where the mobile phone signal is weak, the mobile phone will automatically enhance the radiated power to maintain normal communication. These facts have shown that the radio energy of mobile phones is much higher than that of energy-saving lamps. However, it cannot be explained that the radio radiation of the mobile phone has exceeded the corresponding standard limit.
In general, for energy-saving lamp products, the previously referenced standards were wrong, the measurement procedures were wrong, and the testing methods and instruments used were even more wrong. Therefore, the conclusions reached must be a serious deviation from the actual situation. Wrong conclusion
4, IEC 62493:2009 standard measurement requirements and actual use of different Q & A
On March 31, after positive reports by various media, many people proposed that the IEC 62493:2009 standard requires that the energy-saving lamps must be measured at 30cm and that they must be stable for 15 minutes before they are actually measured. More recent, and often turn on the lights will be used immediately. According to the latest IEC 62493:2009 standard, the measurement of energy-saving lamps must be measured at 30cm. I have also sought verification from various sources. In order to ensure that the electromagnetic radiation level of the energy-saving lamp is correctly reflected, it must be measured at a minimum distance of 30cm, but as long as the measurement is satisfactory at a distance of 30cm, even when in use, only 10cm or even closer to the energy-saving lamp, The amount of radio radiation that people endure is still safe, because the standard limits already leave a larger margin than the radio radiation energy of the band that the body has proven to be able to withstand, and the energy saving lamps that are currently measured The level of electromagnetic radiation is only about one-tenth of the standard limit. In addition, it is required to measure the stability of the energy-saving lamp for 15 minutes in order to ensure the stability and repeatability of the measurement results. The energy-saving lamp will emit 3% to 10% more radiation than the stable lamp within 0.1 seconds to 0.8 seconds of turning on the lamp. The subsequent amount of radiation fluctuates within 2% of the amplitude, but it does not mean that the amount of radiation when the lamp is turned on is greater than the amount of radiation when the energy-saving lamp is stable. In fact, in developed regions such as Europe and North America, the use of such electrical appliances may be very sensitive to human health effects. If energy-saving lamps really have radiation that significantly affects human health, they must have already been proposed and used as a limit to the import of energy-saving lamps in China. Technical barriers to them. It is because they do not actually have such a hazard that they are not eager to enforce the IEC 62493:2009 standard. At present, China's energy-saving lamp production has accounted for more than 85% of the world's production, and energy-saving lamps made in China are used throughout the world. At present, all the energy-saving lamps produced in China, whose circuit principle, structure, etc., are exported and used domestically, more than 90% are the same, especially in terms of energy-saving lamps and human body electromagnetic radiation, almost the same quality level. There are a few domestic energy-saving lamps with poor quality. The main reason is that fluorescent powder is doped with halogen powder in the lamp tube. Subsequent charging will affect the light efficiency and service life, or obviously the power consumption of the energy-saving lamp is relatively small, and the power of the large-scale energy-saving lamp can be markedly high. More than 50%) to buy high prices.
5, science and technology make life better, knowledge makes people more wise
As the saying goes, rumors stop at wise men. We must remember that after the nuclear leakage occurred at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan, the spread of nuclear radiation on the Internet has affected most of China’s economically developed regions. The citizens need to eat salt containing diced salt to resist nuclear radiation. In the course of time, people have rushed to purchase Code salt, and even caused some areas to get salt out of the code. However, it is not difficult to find through investigation that some people with better knowledge of popular science did not participate in the purchase of Code salt at all, but did not have some knowledge of culture and science. The lack of people is the main force in buying salt.
Tell everyone about the use of energy-saving lamps in the home. A total of 28 energy-saving lamps of various powers were used in a room with a floor area of ​​103m2 in the second-room and one-bedroom building. Among the lamps in my bedside, the energy-saving lamp of a certain domestic brand of 15W was used. According to my reading habits, the distance from the head to the lamp is generally 15 to 25cm. Unintentionally, the nearest distance is less than 10cm. However, because of my professional knowledge, I did not change this status even when my rumor was most prevalent. In order to ensure the safe use of energy-saving lamps by various groups of people, when the media interviewed our company on March 30th, our team proposed a plan to use energy-saving lamps at ease — when the height of table lamps is less than 50cm, the most It is better to use energy-saving lamps with power less than 18 watts; basically, power levels above 50 cm may not be considered; while energy-saving lamps such as bedside lamps that may use very close distances may use products with 10 watts or less.
In fact, time is the best tool for distinguishing between truth and public opinion. Over time and with the development of science and technology, the masses will further recognize that "energy-saving lamps radiate large amounts and endanger people's health." It is a false proposition. Its nature and the year The same is true of snapping up “Dian Dian†and “eat mung bean to cure all diseasesâ€. It is a lie deliberately created by some people whose interests are inflicted, and it is for the benefit of the minority to harm the interests of the general public and the country. The development of the Internet is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can make some corrupt officials and criminals do bad things easily. On the other hand, they are often exploited by a few ulterior motives. This can quickly spread rumors and form a “three-person marketâ€. Tiger's situation. Technology makes life better, knowledge makes people more wise, and only when the popular science level of the masses increases, can the rumors be free of markets, and fraudsters can't succeed. Therefore, it is recommended that all relevant departments should carry out more popular science work. Of course, everyone outside their own profession, including media reporters, is an ordinary citizen, and it is impossible to master a lot of professional knowledge. However, if problems are encountered, they should seek qualified, authoritative and independent non-interested third parties to seek support. There is no interest, qualification, and acknowledged authority within it to ensure the objective, fair and correct evaluation of the event. These professional organizations and personnel can be found through science and technology associations, quality and technical supervision bureaus and other institutions to correctly respond to various emergencies.
6, LED bulbs can replace fluorescent energy-saving lamps
Finally, let's talk about whether LED bulbs can replace fluorescent energy-saving lamps. Professor Lin Yandan of the Institute of Electric Light Sources of Fudan University said the following day, she noticed that some people deliberately forwarded a large number of “energy-saving lamp radiation†posts on the Internet to cause People use panic in the use of energy-saving lamps to achieve the goal of selling LED bulbs. At this stage, the LED light is made into the same product as an ordinary incandescent light bulb. However, due to the heat dissipation problem of LED, currently these lights can only achieve a power of 6 W or less to ensure the expected service life. Less LED sample lamps can achieve power close to 10W and barely meet the requirements of life. In fact, the constant-current source-driven LED lamps have stable output power, but they still have electromagnetic radiation similar to that of energy-saving lamps. For some capacitive-current-limiting LED lamps, their electromagnetic radiation is indeed significantly lower than that of energy-saving lamps, but because of heat dissipation and costs. There are many other reasons that can't replace the energy-saving lamps. Especially in the case of power >10W, the mass production cannot be completely replaced to replace the energy-saving lamps. Currently, it is undoubtedly a comprehensive use of LED bulbs to replace energy-saving lamps. The behavior of “pulling seedlings to promote growth†can only gradually replace the energy-saving lamps when the manufacturing level of LED bulbs increases and the price is recognized by the market.
Chairman of Shanghai Lighting Society Yu Anqi
1. General introduction of radiation
When it comes to radiation, we naturally think of the nuclear leakage and nuclear radiation caused by the earthquake and tsunami at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. In fact, a modern life has filled our surroundings with various radio waves. Radio waves can be classified into common bands: the working band of the electronic ballast for lighting, the long-wave band, medium-wave band, and short-wave band of radio broadcasting, the band of FM and television, the band of mobile communication, and then the infrared band. Visible light band; ultraviolet band and higher frequency x-rays and gamma rays, etc. (Note: The light itself is also a radio wave, but the wavelength is shorter). All of these radio waves generate electromagnetic radiation, but only in certain bands and with a certain amount of radiant energy can cause harm to people's health. We must remember that during the spread of SARS (SARS), a kindergarten changed two of the eight fluorescent tubes of the chandelier lamps in the classroom into bactericidal UV lamps to sterilize the classroom, but after the children entered the classroom Because the negligence of the cleaner did not turn off the UV lamp, the result was a widespread swelling of the child's eyes. It can be seen that the visible lights of the original 8 tubes are completely unaffected by the human eye, and the use of only two UV tubes causes redness and swelling of the eyes of the children, which indicates that the ultraviolet radiation is much more harmful than the visible light to human radiation. In the same way, in the radio wave band, the radiation damage of the human body is much less in the lighting appliance band, the radio and television and the mobile phone band, and the radiation of x-ray gamma rays with the same energy is much more harmful to people's health.
As a commonly used energy-saving lamp, its operating frequency is 30kHz ~ 50kHz, energy-saving lamp circuit, power and structure determines that it is almost impossible to produce electromagnetic radiation hazards that affect human health. This is also the reason why I have not seen the example of radiation exceeding the standard in the inspection of several thousand batches of energy-saving lamp products that have been in the country for more than 10 years in spot checks, city inspections and various product certifications. Some people may ask, since the energy-saving lamp radio radiation is so low, then the international IEC 62493 standard is also necessary to promulgate and implement it? It should be noted that the IEC 62493 standard is designed to limit the radiation hazards of all lighting products, if it is to use the "self-ballastless electrodeless fluorescent lamp" rarely seen in the market (the same as the energy-saving lamp, it also has a thread The lamp cap can be easily screwed on the lamp head.) Because of the working principle and frequency of the electrodeless lamp, there is a greater possibility of electromagnetic radiation exceeding the standard, so for the electrodeless fluorescent lamp, it is generally recommended only for tunnels, roads, etc. far from the human body. Lighting in public places cannot be used in offices and homes unless special measures are taken.
2. The electric field is everywhere in our lives
In fact, in the modern society in which we live, various kinds of electric fields that sound high in voltage are ubiquitous. For example, when we take off sweaters in dry weather, we often hear the sound of “squeaking†in the dark environment. This spark can also be seen in the discharge, which causes the voltage generated by the discharge spark, at least a few thousand volts to several thousand volts. In addition, because of the frictional electrification, we often have the feeling of sudden paralysis caused by electrostatic discharge when we touch the water pipe or different people touch each other in dry weather. When we are in the electrical laboratory, we humans do not touch any conductors in the body. When we touch the oscilloscope's voltage probe by hand, we will measure thousands of volts of induced voltage from the 50Hz grid. But these do not pose any harm to our health. It's like we know that the faster the speed of the stone, the more it can hurt people. However, if a stone with only 0.1 gram weight and a stone with 100 grams hit the person with the same speed of 10 meters/second, then 0.1 gram Heavy stones cannot injure people, but 100 grams of stone will definitely hurt people. In the same example, we all know that the higher the water temperature, the more people will be burned. However, if the half-dripping water and a thermos bottle are heated to 100°C, then the half-water drops will not burn people, but a warm water bottle is certainly Will burn people, this is because the latter's energy is much greater than the former.
3, the false analysis of previous false reports
In the previous period, some media reported that some people used the field strength meter according to GB8702-88 "Electromagnetic Radiation Protection Regulations" to measure from 0 to 10cm away from energy-saving lamps. The radiated electric field was as high as 200V/m and some as high as 1600V/m (see Evening News March 15 A1 stack 08 depth version).
The main errors that led to this result are:
(1) The GB8702-88 standard is established for long-wave, medium-wave, short-wave broadcasting and communications power-type launch sites. The standard stipulates that it should be applied when the frequency range is 0.1MHz to 3MHz and the radiation power is ≥300W. The total power is only a few tens of watts, and more than 98% of the energy is used in the heat and light, the working frequency in the range of 30kHz ~ 50kHz, GB8702-88 standard is not suitable for measuring energy-saving lamps electromagnetic radiation. In the area around the radio power transmitters referred to in the GB 8702-88 standard, if a wire is used to make a circle and the wire is connected to the two poles of a low-voltage tungsten light bulb, the light bulb will emit light or even burn out. Therefore, the standard shall specify this. The field strength around the power transmission field should be ≤ 40 V/m. And even if the so-called measured field strength is higher around the energy-saving lamps, this will not happen.
(2) When the energy-saving lamp is working, within its distance of 0-20cm, both the electric field and the magnetic field, as well as the electrostatic field, are mixed together, and the measurement instrument, the probe, and the weighted network may produce mismatch or saturation, so The measured data will greatly deviate from the correct values, so the correct measurement results must be obtained at the minimum measurement distance and (in the IEC 62493 standard, the measurement distance for the energy-saving lamps is specified as 30 cm), but those reported distances are only measured. 0 ~ 10cm, did not meet the basic far-field conditions of radio radiation measurement, and even violated the measurement standards of the people used by the GB8702-88 standard, in the GB 8702-88 standard, also requires the power transmission field far Field measurement.
(3) For non-power type radio radiation electric fields, the essence of damage to the human body is the induced current caused by the electromagnetic field on the human body, but not the electric field strength--volts/meter. In the past, the measurement instrument used in the false report on television was: the production area of ​​Germany NardaNBM-550 electromagnetic radiation analyzer, the instrument's characteristics are: "When using non-weighted probe display V / m, A / m, mW / cm 2, W/m 2; When the weighted probe is used, the percentage limit is displayed in %.†This shows that at the time the energy-saving lamp was not measured with a suitable weighted probe (ie, a probe with a weighted network), and more importantly, the instrument. The measurement frequency is described as: "The probe covers all frequencies from long wave to microwave radiation, --- from 100kHz-60GHz three-dimensional omnidirectional probe is optional." Thus, the instrument is equipped with the probe is mainly to measure long wave The radiation to the microwave, and the measurement frequency does not cover the working frequency of the energy-saving lamp at all.
(4) Say the radio radiation of the mobile phone, the operation band of G network of the mobile phone is generally in 900MHz- 1800MHz, the working frequency is obviously higher than commonly used broadcasting and television band, in the previous false report, the inspectors did not find out the measuring instrument and Whether the sampling probe and the weighted network are suitable for measuring the radio radiation of the mobile phone, the radio radiation of the mobile phone is measured, and the erroneous conclusion that “the energy-saving lamp radiation is much higher than the mobile phone radiation†is obtained.
We know that the radio radiant energy of the mobile phone must be reliably received by the relay station of the mobile phone communication in order to complete the communication function, which makes it impossible for the radio radiant energy of the mobile phone to be small. In addition, the radio radiant energy of most mobile phones is a variable, that is, in many In a reinforced concrete building or where the mobile phone signal is weak, the mobile phone will automatically enhance the radiated power to maintain normal communication. These facts have shown that the radio energy of mobile phones is much higher than that of energy-saving lamps. However, it cannot be explained that the radio radiation of the mobile phone has exceeded the corresponding standard limit.
In general, for energy-saving lamp products, the previously referenced standards were wrong, the measurement procedures were wrong, and the testing methods and instruments used were even more wrong. Therefore, the conclusions reached must be a serious deviation from the actual situation. Wrong conclusion
4, IEC 62493:2009 standard measurement requirements and actual use of different Q & A
On March 31, after positive reports by various media, many people proposed that the IEC 62493:2009 standard requires that the energy-saving lamps must be measured at 30cm and that they must be stable for 15 minutes before they are actually measured. More recent, and often turn on the lights will be used immediately. According to the latest IEC 62493:2009 standard, the measurement of energy-saving lamps must be measured at 30cm. I have also sought verification from various sources. In order to ensure that the electromagnetic radiation level of the energy-saving lamp is correctly reflected, it must be measured at a minimum distance of 30cm, but as long as the measurement is satisfactory at a distance of 30cm, even when in use, only 10cm or even closer to the energy-saving lamp, The amount of radio radiation that people endure is still safe, because the standard limits already leave a larger margin than the radio radiation energy of the band that the body has proven to be able to withstand, and the energy saving lamps that are currently measured The level of electromagnetic radiation is only about one-tenth of the standard limit. In addition, it is required to measure the stability of the energy-saving lamp for 15 minutes in order to ensure the stability and repeatability of the measurement results. The energy-saving lamp will emit 3% to 10% more radiation than the stable lamp within 0.1 seconds to 0.8 seconds of turning on the lamp. The subsequent amount of radiation fluctuates within 2% of the amplitude, but it does not mean that the amount of radiation when the lamp is turned on is greater than the amount of radiation when the energy-saving lamp is stable. In fact, in developed regions such as Europe and North America, the use of such electrical appliances may be very sensitive to human health effects. If energy-saving lamps really have radiation that significantly affects human health, they must have already been proposed and used as a limit to the import of energy-saving lamps in China. Technical barriers to them. It is because they do not actually have such a hazard that they are not eager to enforce the IEC 62493:2009 standard. At present, China's energy-saving lamp production has accounted for more than 85% of the world's production, and energy-saving lamps made in China are used throughout the world. At present, all the energy-saving lamps produced in China, whose circuit principle, structure, etc., are exported and used domestically, more than 90% are the same, especially in terms of energy-saving lamps and human body electromagnetic radiation, almost the same quality level. There are a few domestic energy-saving lamps with poor quality. The main reason is that fluorescent powder is doped with halogen powder in the lamp tube. Subsequent charging will affect the light efficiency and service life, or obviously the power consumption of the energy-saving lamp is relatively small, and the power of the large-scale energy-saving lamp can be markedly high. More than 50%) to buy high prices.
5, science and technology make life better, knowledge makes people more wise
As the saying goes, rumors stop at wise men. We must remember that after the nuclear leakage occurred at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan, the spread of nuclear radiation on the Internet has affected most of China’s economically developed regions. The citizens need to eat salt containing diced salt to resist nuclear radiation. In the course of time, people have rushed to purchase Code salt, and even caused some areas to get salt out of the code. However, it is not difficult to find through investigation that some people with better knowledge of popular science did not participate in the purchase of Code salt at all, but did not have some knowledge of culture and science. The lack of people is the main force in buying salt.
Tell everyone about the use of energy-saving lamps in the home. A total of 28 energy-saving lamps of various powers were used in a room with a floor area of ​​103m2 in the second-room and one-bedroom building. Among the lamps in my bedside, the energy-saving lamp of a certain domestic brand of 15W was used. According to my reading habits, the distance from the head to the lamp is generally 15 to 25cm. Unintentionally, the nearest distance is less than 10cm. However, because of my professional knowledge, I did not change this status even when my rumor was most prevalent. In order to ensure the safe use of energy-saving lamps by various groups of people, when the media interviewed our company on March 30th, our team proposed a plan to use energy-saving lamps at ease — when the height of table lamps is less than 50cm, the most It is better to use energy-saving lamps with power less than 18 watts; basically, power levels above 50 cm may not be considered; while energy-saving lamps such as bedside lamps that may use very close distances may use products with 10 watts or less.
In fact, time is the best tool for distinguishing between truth and public opinion. Over time and with the development of science and technology, the masses will further recognize that "energy-saving lamps radiate large amounts and endanger people's health." It is a false proposition. Its nature and the year The same is true of snapping up “Dian Dian†and “eat mung bean to cure all diseasesâ€. It is a lie deliberately created by some people whose interests are inflicted, and it is for the benefit of the minority to harm the interests of the general public and the country. The development of the Internet is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can make some corrupt officials and criminals do bad things easily. On the other hand, they are often exploited by a few ulterior motives. This can quickly spread rumors and form a “three-person marketâ€. Tiger's situation. Technology makes life better, knowledge makes people more wise, and only when the popular science level of the masses increases, can the rumors be free of markets, and fraudsters can't succeed. Therefore, it is recommended that all relevant departments should carry out more popular science work. Of course, everyone outside their own profession, including media reporters, is an ordinary citizen, and it is impossible to master a lot of professional knowledge. However, if problems are encountered, they should seek qualified, authoritative and independent non-interested third parties to seek support. There is no interest, qualification, and acknowledged authority within it to ensure the objective, fair and correct evaluation of the event. These professional organizations and personnel can be found through science and technology associations, quality and technical supervision bureaus and other institutions to correctly respond to various emergencies.
6, LED bulbs can replace fluorescent energy-saving lamps
Finally, let's talk about whether LED bulbs can replace fluorescent energy-saving lamps. Professor Lin Yandan of the Institute of Electric Light Sources of Fudan University said the following day, she noticed that some people deliberately forwarded a large number of “energy-saving lamp radiation†posts on the Internet to cause People use panic in the use of energy-saving lamps to achieve the goal of selling LED bulbs. At this stage, the LED light is made into the same product as an ordinary incandescent light bulb. However, due to the heat dissipation problem of LED, currently these lights can only achieve a power of 6 W or less to ensure the expected service life. Less LED sample lamps can achieve power close to 10W and barely meet the requirements of life. In fact, the constant-current source-driven LED lamps have stable output power, but they still have electromagnetic radiation similar to that of energy-saving lamps. For some capacitive-current-limiting LED lamps, their electromagnetic radiation is indeed significantly lower than that of energy-saving lamps, but because of heat dissipation and costs. There are many other reasons that can't replace the energy-saving lamps. Especially in the case of power >10W, the mass production cannot be completely replaced to replace the energy-saving lamps. Currently, it is undoubtedly a comprehensive use of LED bulbs to replace energy-saving lamps. The behavior of “pulling seedlings to promote growth†can only gradually replace the energy-saving lamps when the manufacturing level of LED bulbs increases and the price is recognized by the market.
Chairman of Shanghai Lighting Society Yu Anqi
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