Wireless communication is closely related to our work and life. Everyone uses a mobile phone, and it is inseparable from wireless networks.
There are two ways to access the Internet:
One is to access the Internet through the core network through 3G/4G network communication, 3G refers to the third generation mobile communication technology, 4G refers to the fourth generation mobile communication technology, and 4G includes TD-LTE and FDD-LTE. The system can download at speeds above 100Mbps, which can quickly transfer data and high-quality audio and video data. Nowadays mobile phone applications can be developed so well that people can't do without mobile phones, which is inseparable from the fast-growing wireless communication network;
The other is to access the Internet through a wireless LAN. The typical representative of wireless LAN technology is IEEE802.11. We often say that Wi-Fi technology formed a standard as early as 1997. In fact, Wi-Fi technology has been improving in recent years, and wireless bandwidth has been expanding. In the past two years, many cities and operators have been building urban wireless LANs. It is to deploy thousands of wireless APs in a city. The city built a large wireless LAN, so that no matter where you are, you can connect to the AP through your mobile phone and then access the Internet. However, due to the security of Wi-Fi technology, the signal transmission distance is too short, the signal is not stable enough, etc. Development, or Wi-Fi is really likely to replace 4G technology. Even so, in a small LAN, Wi-Fi is still the mainstream, Wi-Fi has an unparalleled speed of 4G, and now there are wireless technologies with 10G or higher bandwidth.
The two technologies complement each other and restrict each other, and each has obtained faster technical updates and developments, all moving toward higher and faster directions.
So, we quickly saw the emergence of 5G, 5G is the fifth generation of mobile communication technology standards, the theoretical downlink speed is 10GB, the download speed can reach 1.25GB, is more than 100 times that of 4G, a high-definition movie, with 5G network 1 The download can be completed in seconds, greatly improving the wireless network bandwidth.
In 2017, the International Telecommunications Standards Organization (3GPP) officially announced the 5G standard version, and major operators quickly launched tests on 5G communication. 5G technology has been written into government work reports for two consecutive years, and it is necessary to vigorously promote the development of 5G industry. In 2018, the three major operators in China opened the experimental points of 5G testing in several cities, and basically determined that 5G technology should be put into commercial use in 2019. The government continuously requires operators to reduce the cost of mobile communication for users. It mainly refers to the 3G/4G network currently used by users. Operators provide 5G networks for users with strong bandwidth requirements by building 5G networks, thereby achieving higher communication costs. Revenue, thus making up for the loss of tariffs on 3G/4G networks.
The world has also invested a lot of resources in 5G research and commercialization. China has caught up with other developed countries in the construction of 3G/4G networks. It is most likely to surpass other countries in 5G and become the leader of 5G practical commercial use. It is very difficult to reach such a height.
If you think that the future wireless communication is 5G, then it is a big mistake. There is also a new technology in the field of Wi-Fi, which is faster than 5G, or even 6G (in theory), that is terahertz technology, which is 10 times faster than 5G communication. Everyone said that 5G speed, a high-definition movie, 4G download takes 10 minutes, 5G one second to get! Terahertz is 100 times faster than 5G and has a speed of over 50Gbps. In fact, terahertz was officially mentioned as early as the late 19th century. Terahertz has electromagnetic radiation of 100 GHz to 10 THz (5G in the 3 to 5 GHz band), and the wavelength is in the range of 0.03 mm to 3 mm. Because of this frequency band, it is neither completely suitable for processing with optical theory, nor is it completely suitable for microwave theory. Therefore, the research results and data related to the terahertz band are very rare, and have been simply classified as far infrared rays. With the development of technology, the electromagnetic wave source and the light source are more stable, and the terahertz wave can be effectively applied.
Of course, compared with 5G, terahertz technology has many technical problems to be solved, and it is still a kind of laboratory technology. Commercially, it has not been expected. This is because: the frequency band of terahertz wave in the atmospheric transmission process is not stable enough, even if the frequency band Stable control is obtained, and it is difficult to find a suitable modulation technique to control the band in the current technical range. Also, since the carrier power of the terahertz wave communication signal source is low, it is necessary to indirectly modulate the terahertz wave. To achieve information transmission, this technology has not been effectively implemented; in addition, although in theory, the transmission stability of terahertz waves is very high, but it can not fully meet the needs of commercialization and popularization applications. Insufficient frequency, insufficient transmission performance, and immature modulation and detection technologies have become major bottlenecks in the development of terahertz wave communication technology. Only by fully solving these technical problems can terahertz be truly commercialized on a large scale.
In the future, the battle of wireless network communication technology will be carried out between 5G and terahertz technology. In terms of technology maturity, 5G has already gone to trial commercialization, and the technology maturity has been improved, but the speed cannot be compared with terahertz.
If you go to the 5G tomorrow, the space for Wi-Fi will be less and less. The original advantage of Wi-Fi is that the bandwidth in the LAN is higher than the bandwidth of 3G/4G. After 5G, it will exceed the bandwidth of Wi-Fi. If Wi-Fi cannot increase bandwidth based on the original technology, Wi-Fi technology will soon die. Introducing terahertz technology into the local area network will be a bold attempt. Although terahertz is more suitable for space communication, the local area network can also be applied. The transmission distance of the local area network is short, which is suitable for the communication protocol with high frequency band, which makes the terahertz technology have space. .
As early as 2004, terahertz was named one of the “Top Ten Technologies for Changing the Future World†by the United States. In 2005, it was listed as the “Top Ten Strategic Targets of the National Pillar†by Japan, and it was later surpassed by 5G. Grab the limelight, that is, the technical theory of terahertz is too advanced, the specific implementation is difficult, and the situation has not been opened. It can be said that with the competition of 5G, terahertz is not an opponent, but there is still competition with 6G and even 7G. 6G is the sixth generation communication technology, and the theoretical download speed can reach 1TB per second. 7G is the seventh-generation communication technology, referring to the 6G+ satellite network that can realize space roaming.
Many people believe that terahertz technology is likely to become the technical foundation of 6G/7G communication, and eventually the two wireless technologies will merge. It is not difficult to find that many of the current technologies are developed to the end, they are all integrated, mutually restrictive and promoted, just like people can work together to achieve common development, and the technical field is the same. When the difference between the two wireless technologies is getting smaller and smaller, gradually Will move toward integration.
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