First, let’s talk about the definition of the inductor quality factor Q
The Q value is the main parameter to measure the inductance device. It refers to the ratio of the inductance presented by the inductor to its equivalent loss resistance when it is working under a certain frequency of AC voltage. The higher the Q value of the inductor, the smaller its loss , The higher the efficiency.
The quality factor Q is an important parameter that reflects the quality of the coil. Improving the Q value of the coil can be said to be one of the key points to pay attention to when winding the coil.
So, how to increase the Q value of the wound coil, the following describes the specific method: 1
According to the working frequency, choose the wire of the coil
Inductance coils working in low frequency bands are generally wound with insulated wires such as enameled wires. In circuits with a working frequency higher than tens of thousands of Hz but lower than 2MHz, the coil is wound with multiple insulated wires, which can effectively increase the surface area of ​​the conductor, thereby overcoming the influence of the skin effect and making the Q ratio the same A coil wound by a single wire with a cross-sectional area is 30%-50% higher. In circuits with a frequency higher than 2MHz, the inductor coil should be wound with a single thick wire, the diameter of the wire is generally 0.3mm-1.5mm. Inductance coils with indirect winding are used, usually wound with silver-plated copper wire to increase the conductivity of the wire surface. At this time, it is not advisable to use multi-strand wire winding, because when the frequency of multi-strand insulated wire is high, the coil insulation medium will cause additional loss, and its effect is not as good as a single wire.
2
Use high-quality coil bobbin to reduce dielectric loss
In the high frequency occasions, such as the short wave band, the dielectric loss of the ordinary coil bobbin increases significantly. Therefore, high-frequency dielectric materials, such as high-frequency porcelain, polytetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene, etc., should be used as the skeleton. The winding method is adopted.
3
Choose a reasonable coil size
Selecting a reasonable coil size can reduce the loss of a single-layer coil with a certain outer diameter (φ20mm-30mm). When the ratio of the winding length L to the outer diameter D is L/D=0.7, the loss is the smallest; the multilayer coil with a certain outer diameter L/D=0.2-0.5, when t/D=0.25-0.1, the loss is the smallest. When the winding thickness t, the winding length L and the outer diameter D satisfy 3t+2L=D, the loss is also the smallest. The coil with a shielding cover is best when its L/D = 0.8-1.2.
4
Choose a reasonable shield diameter
Using a shield can increase the loss of the coil and reduce the Q value, so the size of the shield should not be too small. However, if the size of the shield is too large, it will increase the volume, so a reasonable diameter size of the shield must be selected.
When the ratio of the shield diameter Ds to the coil diameter D satisfies the following value, that is, Ds/D=1.6-2.5, the Q value decreases not more than 10%.
5
The use of magnetic core can significantly reduce the number of coil turns
The use of a magnetic core in the coil reduces the number of turns of the coil, which not only reduces the resistance value of the coil, which is beneficial to the improvement of the Q value, but also reduces the volume of the coil.
6
Choose a larger coil diameter appropriately
The diameter of the coil is appropriately selected to be larger, which is beneficial to reduce the loss. Under possible conditions, the diameter of the coil is selected to be larger and the volume is increased, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of the coil. In general receivers, the diameter of single-layer coils is 12mm-30mm; the diameter of multilayer coils is 6mm-13mm. However, considering the volume, it should not exceed the range of 20mm-25mm.
7
Reduce the distributed capacitance of the winding coil
Try to use the non-framework method to wind the coil, or the coil wound on the rib-type skeleton, can reduce the distributed capacitance by 15%-20%; the segmented winding method can reduce the distributed capacitance of the multilayer coil by 1/3～ l/2. For multilayer coils, the smaller the diameter D, the smaller the winding length L or the larger the winding thickness t, the smaller the distributed capacitance. It should be pointed out that the distributed capacitance of the coil after being diffused and sealed will increase by 20%-30%.
In short, when winding a coil, improving Q value and reducing loss are always the key considerations.
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