Recently, the overwhelming 4G advertisements of China's three major mobile operators have made people feel that the 4G era is really coming, and it is more violent than 3G. With the popularity of 4G, the amount of data transmitted in 4G networks is immeasurable. As a transit point for data transmission, base stations need to be further innovated in scale, form and performance. Large-scale base stations are of course important, such as the most popular macro base stations and the popular cloud RAN. Nowadays, the mobile phone base station network is more and more complex, and the base station form is more and more. The development of 3G and 4G has spawned a large number of small base stations. Demand, they play a key role in helping mobile operators address the increasingly complex network capacity challenges. Miniaturized base stations mainly include metro base stations, picocells, and smaller femtocells, also known as femtocells or home base stations, which are equivalent to Wi-Fi in a company.
The huge market potential of small base stations will undoubtedly attract countless “seekers†to show their dedication to get the favor. Freescale has a strong tradition in the field of communications processors, and there are several solutions for small base station applications to choose from, all of which are both hard and soft. For example, QorIQ Qonverge platform, QorIQ Qonverge BSC9132 picocell base station solution, Qonverge BSC9131 home base station solution, BSC9131RDB reference design, Airfast RF power solution and RF module for BSC913x board.
Cost-effective home base station
What does the function of the base station depend on? The L2 and L3 layers in the LTE base station (eNB) may be configured by a general purpose processor (GPP); the physical layer (L1) function of the LTE base station is generally configured in a digital signal processor (DSP), using a DSP core and a baseband accelerator; Digital RF front-end logic circuitry typically included in ASICs, FPGAs, or off-the-shelf transceivers sends signals to RF amplifiers. Small base stations typically control one sector and a given number of users and data throughput. Traditional single GPP + DSP discrete device solutions are evolving into a single system-on-a-chip (SoC) solution.
Freescale family base station solutions for high-bandwidth, low-power baseband applications, especially for LTE (FDD and TDD) and WCDMA (HSPA+) home base station applications. Freescale's home base station solution combines a Power Architecture core, a programmable StarCore DSP, and a powerful MAPLE-B2F baseband acceleration processing technology, as shown in Figure 1. This solution handles all baseband layers (L1, L2 and L3) without the need for additional baseband processing devices, delivering world-class performance and optimized system cost and power consumption for high performance, cost-effective integration The needs of the solution. According to tests, for LTE + WCDMA picocells, the cost and power consumption of the Freescale QorIQ Qonverge platform is 1/4 of the wireless infrastructure equipment used to disperse silicon products.
Figure 1 Freescale femtocell base station solution block diagram
The solution supports LTE and WCDMA (HSPA+) multimode mode to assist operators in the evolution from 3G to 4G, and can process up to 16 online users simultaneously, achieving the following performance metrics: up to 20 MHz bandwidth Cell LTE can support 100 Mb/s downlink rate and 50 Mb/s uplink rate; 5 MHz dual carrier HSPA+, each capable of reaching 42 Mb/s downlink rate and 11.5 Mb/s uplink rate.
Layer-by-layer stripping
With Freescale devices, the DSP-based physical layer (PHY) can be deployed using the StarCore SC3850 or SC3900FP high-performance DSP core in conjunction with a baseband accelerator platform called the MAPLE (multi-accelerator platform). As users move to LTE slowly, they need to support multiple standards at the same time, and it is important to provide upgrade paths for more advanced technologies. To support multimode operation, the DSP core can be fully programmed and implemented with any standard, while MAPLE supports multimode operation, such as simultaneous Turbo/Viterbi decoding, Turbo encoding, and FFT/DFT based on two algorithm processing and capacity criteria.
The MAPLE Accelerator provides standardized building blocks for efficient single-mode and multi-mode operation for each air interface standard, including: Fourier transform processing unit, Turbo/Viterbi decoding processing unit, downlink encoding processing unit, chip rate processing A unit, an equalization processing unit, a physical downlink processing unit, and a physical uplink processing unit. MAPLE accelerates the entire downstream data chain, and high data rates have no effect on the core load.
Layer 2 and Layer 3 algorithms are handled using a combination of Power Architecture generic high performance cores and security acceleration. This processing is mostly done in a programmable core and can effectively implement any standard, including multimode operation. The commonality between WCDMA and LTE requires secure backhaul processing, mainly Ethernet, QoS, IPSec, and WCDMA processing. This processing can be offloaded to the hardware accelerator, allowing the software to flexibly support two standard L2 protocol stacks.
It should be emphasized that the biggest challenge for small base stations is the spectrum problem, and the Freescale DSP core has enough good programmability, and the MAPLE accelerator platform can make full use of the spectrum, optimize the spectrum usage, and reserve space for the future. Performance improvements.
Small cells accommodate great wisdom
In addition, Freescale has formed a rich ecosystem of technology leaders focused on wireless applications. Products and services from these partners can be integrated with third-party tools and Freescale's CodeWarrior technology and VorTIQa application software. The ecosystem provides ODM and OEMs with Layer 1 to 4 software, transport and security stacks, RF technology, test and measurement capabilities, and ODM solutions.
From the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) and the World Mobile Communications Conference (MWC) at the beginning of this year, it can be seen that wearable devices are popular all over the world, especially the smart watches with medical monitoring functions that the major manufacturers are competing to launch. Portable devices ultimately need to network to transmit various data or synchronize data with mobile phones. Home base stations increase the capacity and bandwidth of wireless networks, enabling more people to use more devices to do cool things quickly and safely. Freescale Smart Connect introduces intelligence into small base stations, providing hardware, software and services solutions. In the 4G era and even in the future 5G era, Freescale will spare no effort to provide strong technical support for the evolution of small base stations, bringing large bandwidth, massive links and zero-latency services to people, reflecting the full spectrum wireless access station. Bringing innovation to ultra-fast wireless connectivity.
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