With the rapid development of science and technology, opto-mechatronics technology came into being. Opto-mechatronics technology is a comprehensive application of group technology such as mechanical technology, optoelectronic technology, electronic technology and computer technology. Opto-mechatronics technology involves machinery manufacturing, transportation, home appliances, instrumentation, medical , toy entertainment and many other industries, and has an important position in industrial and economic development. Information, biology, space, oceans, new materials, new energy and other high-tech fields, the informatization, modernization of national defense equipment and the transformation of traditional industries are inseparable from the development of opto-mechatronics technology.
The optical and mechatronics technology has developed rapidly, and various technologies are being separated from the original technical system, with strong system characteristics and relatively independent research and application fields. With the development of microelectronics technology and microsystem technology, the application and development of opto-mechatronics technology has entered a new stage. Electromechanical products and opto-mechanical products have become the main products of home appliances, medical equipment, toys and other industries; opto-mechatronics technology plays an important role in industrial equipment transformation and improvement of manufacturing equipment precision and efficiency; opto-mechatronics technology in aerospace, defense The development of intelligent robots and other scientific research fields that highlight the country's comprehensive strength is even more prominent.
The book "Common Organizations of Opto-mechatronics System" includes the design theory, basic structure, mechanism characteristics, key technologies, typical cases and application characteristics of the common institutions of opto-mechatronics systems. Among them, CNC machine tools, machining centers, and three For example, the common mechanisms of classical opto-mechatronics products such as coordinate measuring instruments, tool microscopes, industrial robots , laser printers, etc., systematically introduce the composition characteristics and application characteristics of the mechanisms contained in these products, and also use laser cutting machines, photoelectric theodolites, and wheels. For example, the practical mechanism of the emerging opto-mechatronics devices such as crawler robots , bionic robots , CT scanners, and optical disc drives is analyzed in detail. The composition characteristics and application characteristics of the devices contained in these devices are analyzed in detail, and the opto-mechatronics system is demonstrated. New technologies and new achievements of commonly used institutions.
Variable shape crawler robot
The shape variable crawler robot means that the configuration of the crawler belt used by the robot can be appropriately changed according to the terrain conditions and the work requirements. Figure 8-44 shows a schematic view of the shape of a variable-track crawler robot. The main body of the robot is two variable-shaped crawlers that are driven by two main motors. When the speeds of the two tracks are the same, the robot realizes the forward or backward movement; when the speeds of the two tracks are different, the robot realizes the steering motion. When the main boom rotates around the shaft on the track frame, the planetary gears are rotated to achieve different configurations of the track to adapt to different movements and working environments (see Figure 8-45).
Shown is a schematic view of the deformed track drive mechanism. The main motor drives the drive wheel to move, causing the track to rotate. The main arm motor meshes with the gear 1 through a pinion gear coaxial with the motor, and drives the main arm to rotate on the one hand; on the other hand, the sprocket rotates by the meshing of the gear 2, the gear 3 and the gear 4; the sprocket further makes the chain pass through the chain Install the crank of the planet wheel. Since the gears 1 and 4, the gears 2 and 3 have the same number of teeth, respectively, the gear 1 and the gear 4 have the same rotational speed and the opposite direction. The number of sprocket teeth at both ends of the chain is equal, so that when the main arm motor is working, the angle at which the main boom rotates is equal to the absolute angle of the crank and the direction is opposite.
2. Position variable crawler robot
The position variable crawler robot refers to a crawler robot in which the position of the crawler belt with respect to the vehicle body can be changed. This change in position can be either one degree of freedom or two degrees of freedom. Figure 8-48 shows a two-degree-of-freedom displacement crawler robot that can be deflected about the horizontal and vertical axes of the body to change the overall configuration of the robot.
Figure 8-49 is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the above-mentioned displacement crawler robot. As can be seen from Fig. 8-49a, when the A-axis rotates, the movement of the pair of bevel gears is transmitted to the drive wheel, thereby driving the crawler belt; when the B-axis is rotated, the engagement of the other pair of bevel gears is driven. The crank connected to the track frame causes the track to return to the axis of the drive shaft; when the C-axis is driven, the track rotates with respect to the vehicle body along the C-axis along with its mounting frame to change its position. The three axes A, B and C are driven by a motor. By switching the three clutches A, B and C, different transmission routes can be realized. For details, see Figure 8-49b.
The variable-track crawler robot combines the advantages of a crawler robot and an all-round wheeled robot. When the track is displaced in a degree of freedom, it can be used to climb the ladder and across the ditch; when the track is displaced along another degree of freedom, the vehicle can be walked in all directions.
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