In addition to the field of smart digital terminals, Linux has broad application prospects in mobile computing platforms, smart industrial control, financial industry terminal systems, and even military fields. These Linux are collectively referred to as "embedded Linux". Let's take a look at which embedded Linux is running in the above fields!
This is an embedded Linux operating system developed by the Mexican Institute of Technology. So far, RT-Linux has been successfully used in a wide range of fields such as space shuttle data acquisition, scientific instrument measurement and control, and movie special effects image processing. RT-Linux developers did not rewrite the Linux kernel for the characteristics of the real-time operating system, because the workload is very large and it is very difficult to ensure compatibility. For this reason, RT-Linux proposes a sophisticated kernel, and regards the standard Linux kernel as a process of the real-time core, which is scheduled together with the user's real-time process. Such changes to the Linux kernel are very small, and make full use of the existing rich software resources under Linux.
uClinuxuCLinux is the flagship product of Lineo, and it is also a model of open source embedded Linux. uCLinux is mainly designed for embedded systems where the target processor does not have a memory management unit (MMU). It has been successfully ported to many platforms. Since there is no MMU, the realization of its multitasking requires certain skills. uCLinux is an excellent embedded Linux version, short for micro-Conrol-Linux. It has inherited the excellent characteristics of standard Linux, and has been transformed into a highly optimized and compact embedded Linux through various miniaturization. Although its size is small, it still retains most of the advantages of Linux: stability, good portability, excellent network functions, complete support for various file systems, and standard rich APIs. It has done a lot of miniaturization work specifically for embedded systems, and currently supports a variety of CPUs. After its compilation, the target file can be controlled in the order of hundreds of KB, and it has been successfully ported to many platforms.
EmbedixEmbedix was launched by Luneo, one of the major manufacturers in the embedded Linux industry, and is a Linux distribution redesigned according to the characteristics of embedded application systems. Embedix provides more than 25 kinds of Linux system services, including web servers. The system requires a minimum of 8MB memory, 3MB ROM or fast flash memory. Embedix is ​​based on the Linux 2.2 kernel and has been successfully ported to the Intel x86 and PowerPC processor series. Like other Linux versions, Embedix is ​​available for free. Luneo also released another important software product, which allows programs running on Windows CE to run on Embedix. Luneo will also plan to launch Embedix's development and debugging toolkit, a graphical interface-based browser, etc. It can be said that Embedix is ​​a complete embedded Linux solution.
XLinuxXLinux was launched by Nethoo. The main developer is Yinghao Chen. A few months after joining Nethoo, he developed the XLinux-based embedded Linux system, which is claimed to be the world's smallest embedded Linux system. The kernel is only 143KB, and it is still shrinking. The XLinux core adopts the patented "supercharacter set" technology, which makes the Linux core not only compatible with the standard character set, but also covers the character sets of 12 countries and regions. Therefore, XLinux has unique advantages in promoting the international application of Linux.
PoketLinuxPoketLinux is adopted by Agenda as the embedded Linux operating system for its new product "VR3 PDA". It can provide a unified, standardized and open information communication infrastructure across operating systems, and a complete platform for end-to-end solutions on this structure. The PoketLinux resource framework is open, so that the common software structure can provide consistent services for all users. The PoketLinux platform allows users to move their eyes away from devices, platforms, and networks, thus triggering a new era of information technology. In PoketLinux, it is called Customized Information Exchange (CIE), that is, the ability to provide and access "topic" information customized for each user's needs, regardless of the device being used.
MidoriLinuxThe MidoriLinux operating system code launched by Transmeta is open, released under the GUN General Public License (GPL), and can be obtained immediately on http://midori.transmeta.com. The company has a project called "MidoriLinux Project". The name "MidoriLinux" is derived from the Japanese "green"-Midori, which reflects the environmentally friendly appearance of its Linux operating system.
Red Flag Embedded LinuxEmbedded Linux launched by Beijing Chinese Academy of Sciences Hongqi Software Company is an embedded operating system that has done a good job in China. At present, Easy Embedded OS (EEOS), an open source embedded operating system developed by the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has also begun to enter the practical stage. This embedded operating system mainly supports p-Java. On the one hand, the goal of the system is miniaturization, and on the other hand, it can reuse Linux drivers and other modules. Thanks to the strong scientific research strength of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, EEOS is expected to develop into a fully functional, stable and reliable domestic embedded operating system platform.
Thinking and ProspectAmong the many embedded Linux operating systems listed above, there have been many domestic studies on uClinux and RT-Linux, and many products based on them have been launched. For example, Huaheng Company has successfully transplanted uClinux and put it on the market.
It is precisely because of the open source characteristics of Linux that developers all over the world stand on the same starting line. Domestic research institutions and enterprises are also actively investing in human and material resources, striving to make a difference in embedded operating systems. However, it should be clearly realized that most of the hardware platforms of embedded systems are still in the hands of foreign companies. The domestic embedded operating system still has a lot of work to be done in terms of technical content, compatibility, and market operation mode. The country also attaches great importance to the development of the embedded field. In the "2003 Electronic Development Fund Project Guide" of the Ministry of Information Industry, among the key software product projects, the fifth category is about embedded software and system development, and it is proposed to focus on the research and development of the following key projects: embedded real-time Operating system, embedded software integrated development platform and embedded database management software. Since the research and development of embedded systems started relatively late in China, my country is still basically in the laboratory stage. However, the huge commercial value of the embedded operating system and the openness of Linux provide a rare opportunity for the development of the national software industry. While tracking the latest technology of foreign embedded operating systems, domestic manufacturers must adhere to independent property rights, strive to find their own breakthrough points, and explore a development path for embedded operating systems that suits China's national conditions.
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