In 1984, Xilinx invented the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which became the world's first fabless semiconductor company. Xilinx has long maintained its industry leadership by applying cutting-edge technology: Xilin Si is the first company to adopt 180nm, 150nm, 130nm, 90nm and 65nm process technologies, and currently offers approximately 90% of the world's high-end 65nm FPGA products. According to iSuppli's statistics, in 2007 it has more than 51% of the world's programmable device market share. The current major suppliers in the FPGA field are Xilinx, Altera, Actel and LatTIce. Altera and Xilinx mainly produce general-purpose FPGAs, and their main products use RAM technology. Actel mainly provides non-volatile FPGAs based on the anti-fuse process and the FLASH process.
Because Xilinx has always had a leading edge and largest share in FPGA development, this article focuses on Xilinx FPGA products.
3.1.1 Introduction to Xilinx Main ProductsAt present, Xilinx has two major types of FPGA products: Spartan and Virtex. The former is mainly for low-cost low-end and mid-range applications. It is the lowest cost type of FPGA in the industry. The latter is mainly for high-end applications and belongs to the top of the industry. product. The difference between the two series is limited to the size of the chip and the dedicated module, all using the advanced 0.13, 90 or even 65 manufacturing process, with the same excellent quality.
1. Spartan class FPGAThe Spartan series is suitable for general industrial and commercial fields. The current mainstream chips include: Spartan-2, Spartan-2E, Spartan-3, Spartan-3A, Spartan-3E and the latest Spartan-6. Among them, Spartan-2 can reach up to 200,000 system doors, Spartan-2E can reach up to 600,000 system doors, Spartan-3 can reach up to 5 million doors, and Spartan-3A and Spartan-3E not only have larger system gates, but also enhance them. A large number of embedded dedicated multipliers and dedicated block RAM resources provide the ability to implement complex digital signal processing and on-chip programmable systems.
(1) Spartan-2 seriesBased on the Spartan series, Spartan-2 inherits more logic resources to achieve higher performance with a chip density of up to 200,000 system gates. Thanks to the mature FPGA architecture, it supports popular interface standards, has the right amount of logic resources and on-chip RAM, and provides flexible clock processing. It can run 8-bit PicoBlaze soft core, which is mainly used in various low-end products. The main features are as follows: Using 0.18 process, the density reaches 5292 logic units; the system clock can reach 200MHz; the maximum gate number is 200,000 gates, with delayed digital phase-locked loop; with programmable user I/O; with on-chip block RAM storage resource;
The main technical features of the Spartan-2 series are shown in the table below.
Table 3-1 Main technical features of Spartan-2 series FPGA
(2) Spartan-2E seriesBased on the Virex-E architecture, Spartan-2E has more logic gates, user I/O and higher performance than Spartan-2. Xilinx also provides IP cores including memory controller, system interface, DSP, communication and network, and can run CPU soft core, which has certain support for DSP. Its main features are as follows: Adopt 0.15 process, the density reaches 15552 logic unit; The highest system clock can reach 200MHz; The maximum number of gates is 600,000 gates, with up to 4 delay phase-locked loops; The core voltage is 1.2V, I/ Q voltage can be 1.2V, 3.3V, 2.5V, supporting 19 optional I/O standards; up to 288k block RAM and 221K distributed RAM;
The main technical features of the Spartan-2E series are shown in the table below.
Table 3-2 Main technical features of the Spartan-2E series FPGA
(3) Spartan-3 seriesBased on the Virtex-II FPGA architecture, Spartan-3 uses 90-technology, 8-layer metal technology with more than 5 million system gates, embedded with hard multipliers and digital clock management modules. Structurally, Spartan-3 combines logic, memory, math, digital processor, I/O, and system management resources to create a higher level, wider application, and commercial The success of the above, occupying a large share of the low-end market. Its main features are as follows: 90 process, density up to 74880 logic unit; maximum system clock is 340MHz; with dedicated multiplier; core voltage is 1.2V, port voltage is 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.2V, support 24 I / O standard; up to 520k distributed RAM and 1872k block RAM; with on-chip clock management module (DCM); with embedded Xtrema DSP function, can perform 330 billion times of multiply-accumulate per second.
The main technical features of the Spartan-3 series are shown in the table below.
Table 3-3 Main technical features of the Spartan-3 series FPGA
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