This article explores how mixed voltage levels increase the ICC supply current and how logic gates reduce power consumption in a mixed-voltage-powered mobile design. Current mobile designs strive to strike a balance between high power-rich functionality and longer battery life requirements.
Currently, most portable devices have multiple power rails, but when the input high level (VIH) is lower than the power supply voltage (VCC), indefinite power consumption may still occur. When the input voltage is the power rail level (VIL = GND or VIH = VCC), CMOS generally has a very low static ICC and leakage current, so it is the preferred technology for logic devices in mobile applications. However, if VIH
Generally, in the design of CMOS gates, the input voltage threshold or input switching point is VCC/2; however, Fairchild's low ICCT gate circuit uses a proprietary input voltage design to reduce the input threshold voltage and increase the input voltage range. At the same time, it does not affect the effective logic low level VIL. As mentioned earlier, when the input voltage is 0V or VCC, the power consumption of the CMOS gate is extremely low, and the product data sheet usually indicates the ICC under this condition. Therefore, it may be surprising for system designers to see an increase in ICC current when the VIH value is less than VCC. Figure 2 below shows the advantages of a redesigned input structure. The VIN-ICC plot shown in Figure 2 compares a standard CMOS input device with a low ICCT input device. The static power is determined by the basic DC power formula: P = ICC × VCC. In this example, the input VIH is 2.5V, the power consumption of the standard CMOS gate input is equal to 3.0mW (3.6V × 0.83mA), and the power consumption of the low ICCT gate is only 0.003mW (3.6V × 0.99uA); That is to say, with low ICCT devices, static power consumption is reduced by 100%.
The increase in ICC current is important because it greatly increases the static power consumption of the device. Fairchild's proprietary low ICCT input structure limits its range during ICCT currents, as shown in Figure 2.
Table 1 compares the ICCT supply current levels for different VCC/VIN conditions. As can be seen from the table, Fairchild's low ICCT gate circuit has great energy saving potential. In a mixed voltage system, with low ICCT gates, the power consumption associated with logic gates can be negligible.
Table 2 lists the supply of low ICCT gates. Additional features are available on request. When an existing application experiences excessive power consumption due to the input conditions discussed above, the user can use the standard pinout to directly and easily replace it.
The key to extending battery life is to reduce power at all levels. As portable devices integrate more features, power consumption issues are becoming more and more worrying. Fairchild's NC7SVL low ICCT TinyLogic products provide a cost-effective solution to these challenges. In addition, Fairchild's advanced small-sized MicroPak package technology and the new smaller 1.0x1.0mm MicroPak 2 package technology significantly reduce board space requirements.
For portable applications with tight power budgets, the increase in power consumption is unacceptable. The NC7SVL low ICCT gate helps system designers keep power on budget and extend battery life.
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