The power supply is divided into two types: a voltage source and a current source.
Voltage source: A power supply that supplies a constant voltage is called a voltage source.
Current Source: A source that provides a constant current is called a current source.
The current source has a high internal resistance to output a constant current. Regardless of whether there is an electrical appliance or not, the circuit using the current source has a high consumption. The source continuously supplies current.
The internal resistance of the voltage source is low, so the voltage source is used in the home. The voltage is only output when the switch is closed.
Voltage source: A power supply that supplies a constant voltage is called a voltage source.
AC power AC and DC power supply DC
In the hardware circuit, the power source that is often used is a DC power source, which becomes a DC-DC, a DC-to-DC voltage, and is divided into a switching power supply module and a linear power module. Commonly used voltage values ​​are +3.3V, +5V, +12V, +15V. Because of the limited current load in the circuit, it is important to choose the right voltage source.
LM7805 power supply: 78 is a series, 05 is the voltage value. Normally it can pass 1A current. The power of LM7805 is below 2W, it will not generate heat, otherwise it will need to add heat sink. The voltage difference between Vin and Vout multiplied by the current passed is power. If the voltage difference between Vin and Vout is too large, causing the 7805 power to be greater than 2W, then a 7815 can be added before the 7805 by multi-stage voltage drop.
The LM78L05 can pass 0.5A normally.
The voltage difference between pin 1 and pin 3 is greater than 5V, the voltage difference between pin 1 and pin 2 is 5V, and the voltage of pin 3 is GND. As long as the Vin input voltage is greater than 5V, the resulting Vout is 5V. Generally, the LM7805 is supplied with an input voltage from a 16V AC voltage source through a rectifier bridge.
AC voltage sources commonly used in engineering applications are 24V, 14V and 16V AC voltage sources. Commonly used voltage sources of 14V, 16V, and 24V can be converted by 220V (China), 110V (Japan), and 120V (Taiwan) voltage sources through transformers.
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